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Giovanni Caselli (1815–1891) was an Italian physicist.〔(Istituto Tecnico Industriale, Rome, Italy. Italian biography of Giovanni Caselli )〕〔(The Hebrew University of Jerusalem - Giovanni Caselli biography )〕 He is the inventor of the pantelegraph (a.k.a. Universal Telegraph or "all-purpose telegraph"), the predecessor of the modern fax machine.〔(Giovanni Caselli ) ''This unique machine was a precursor of commonly known since the 1980s fax mashine.''〕〔(Mid Nineteenth Century Electrochemistry )〕 The world's first practical operating facsimile machine ("fax") system put into use was by Caselli.〔Huurdeman, p. 149 ''The first telefax machine to be used in practical operation was invented by an Italian priest and professor of physics, Giovanni Caselli (1815 - 1891).''〕〔Beyer, p. 100 ''The telegraph was the hot new technology of the moment, and Caselli wondered if it was possible to send pictures over telegraph wires. He went to work in 1855, and over the course of six years perfected what he called the "pantelegraph." It was the world's first practical fax machine.''〕〔(Giovanni Caselli )〕 == Biography == At the beginning of his career he was studying literature, history, science and religion.〔Beyer, p. 100〕 Caselli was appointed a member dell'Ateneo Italian.〔 Besides his interest in science and physics he studied to become a Catholic priest.〔Schiffer, p. 203〕 In 1836 Caselli was ordained.〔 In 1841 he went to Parma in the Province of Modena to become a tutor for the sons of Count Marquis Sanvitale of Modena. In 1849 he participated in the riots and voted for annexation of the Duchy of Modena to the Kingdom of Sardinia. Because of this he was forced out of Modena whereupon he returned to Florence.〔 In that year he became a professor of physics at the University of Florence.〔 In Florence he studied physics under Leopoldo Nobili.〔 These studies involved electrochemistry, electromagnetism, electricity and magnetism.〔 Caselli started a journal called "The Recreation" in 1851 which was about the science of physics written in laymen's terms.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Giovanni Caselli」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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